WAMP is an abbreviation for Windows, Apache, MySQL and PHP. It is a collection of open-source software programs that act as a virtual server on a local computer.
Apache, MySQL and PHP can be downloaded separately, but it takes time to install and configure each one of them individually. WAMP on the other hand, is a complete package built for Windows that will reduce the time it takes to install and configure a local server.
WAMP makes it possible to install WordPress on a local computer for development and testing in a safe and stable environment.